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    Border crossing and transport strategies

    While the findings are presented according to stages (pre-migration, in transit, post-transit), the journeys themselves were often much more complex and nonlinear. Girls’ migration experiences were heavily influenced by the modes of transport they used. Some girls interviewed made sections of their journeys on foot; for instance, walking with groups of other migrants across unknown […] More

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    The journey: risks, opportunities and coping responses

    This study found that many girls were unaware of the full extent of the risks and dangers involved in migration. This lack of information regarding risks is in line with existing research, including a 2017 study by UNICEF and REACH conducted with 850 refugee and migrant children in Italy and Greece, which found that less […] More

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    Economic opportunities

    The possibility of better economic opportunities weighed heavily in the decision to migrate for some girls, in line with findings of previous studies showing increasing numbers of African women and girls “migrating independently for work and education.” When successful, migration can be empowering for girls and young women, allowing them to access education and employment; […] More

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    Prevention of human trafficking in Albania (TIP 2019)

    The government increased efforts to prevent trafficking. The government adopted the 2018-2020 national action plan. Observers reported ONAC coordinated anti-trafficking efforts but faced internal and external challenges. The government maintained a multi-disciplinary working group and a separate task force to develop and monitor anti-trafficking policies. Twelve regional anti-trafficking committees comprising local officials and NGOs worked […] More

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    Morocco’s trafficking profile (TIP 2019)

    As reported over the past five years, human traffickers exploit domestic and foreign victims in Morocco, and traffickers exploit Moroccan victims abroad. Documented and undocumented foreign migrants, especially women and children, are highly vulnerable to forced labor and sex trafficking in Morocco and as they transit through Morocco to reach Europe. In 2018, the number […] More

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    Protection against human trafficking in Albania (TIP 2019)

    The government maintained victim protection efforts. The government and NGOs identified 95 official and potential victims (105 in 2017). The government could not provide details about the type of exploitation for all official and potential victims but at least 36 were subjected to sex trafficking, 25 to forced labor, and 27 to forced begging. The […] More

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